Whether Children Aged 10-12 React to FOP Nutri-Score Labels on the Children’s Snack Packaging During the Period of Purchase in China
Abstract
Numerous studies have found that there are many visual design elements on children's food packaging that influence children's tasty, including color, shape, font, size, material, and brand. In recent years, more and more research has found that the role of labeling in food packaging cannot be ignored and is increasingly influencing purchasing behavior to some degree. In addition, there is a gradual upward trend regarding labeling for the improvement of healthy dietary intake of children. This study aims to analyze whether front of packaging (FOP) nutrition labeling on children's snack packaging has a positive effect on the purchasing behavior in China.
Keywords: FOP nutria-score label, purchasing behavior.
References
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Acton, R. B., Jones, A. C., Kirkpatrick, S. I., Roberto, C. A., & Hammond, D. (2019). Taxes and front-of-package labels improve the healthiness of beverage and snack purchases: a randomized experimental marketplace. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 16(1), 1-15.
Ajzen, I. (1985). From Intentions to Actions: A Theory of Planned Behavior. In J. Kuhl & J. Beckmann (Eds.), Action Control: From Cognition to Behavior (pp. 11-39). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
Ares, G., Velázquez, A. L., Vidal, L., Curutchet, M. R., & Varela, P. (2022). The role of food packaging on children's diet: Insights for the design of comprehensive regulations to encourage healthier eating habits in childhood and beyond. Food Quality and Preference, 95, 104366. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodqual.2021.104366
Armstrong, G., & Kotler, P. (2003). Marketing: an introduction: Pearson Educación.
Balasubramanian, S. K., & Cole, C. (2002). Consumers' search and use of nutrition information: The challenge and promise of the nutrition labeling and education act. Journal of marketing, 66(3), 112-127.
Bartels, M., Tillack, K., & Jordan Lin, C. T. (2018). Communicating nutrition information at the point of purchase: An eye ‐ tracking study of shoppers at two grocery stores in the United States. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 42(5), 557-565.
Bauer, J. M., & Reisch, L. A. (2019). Behavioural insights and (un) healthy dietary choices: A review of current evidence. Journal of Consumer Policy, 42, 3-45.
Boland, W. A., Connell, P. M., & Erickson, L.-M. (2012). Children's response to sales promotions and their impact on purchase behavior. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 22(2), 272-279. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcps.2011.04.003
Boon, C. S., Lichtenstein, A. H., & Wartella, E. A. (2010). Front-of- package nutrition rating systems and symbols: Phase I report: National Academies Press.
Boyland, E. J., & Whalen, R. (2015). Food advertising to children and its effects on diet: review of recent prevalence and impact data. Pediatric diabetes, 16(5), 331-337.
Cairns, G., Angus, K., Hastings, G., & Caraher, M. (2013). Systematic reviews of the evidence on the nature, extent and effects of food marketing to children. A retrospective summary. Appetite, 62, 209- 215.
Chen, X., Zhang, Z., Yang, H., Qiu, P., Wang, H., Wang, F., . . . Nie, J. (2020). Consumption of ultra-processed foods and health outcomes: a systematic review of epidemiological studies. Nutrition journal, 19(1), 1-10.
Clark, H., Coll-Seck, A. M., Banerjee, A., Peterson, S., Dalglish, S. L., Ameratunga, S., . . . Borrazzo, J. (2020). A future for the world's children? A WHO–UNICEF–Lancet Commission. The Lancet, 395(10224), 605-658.
Conner, M., & Norman, P. (2015). EBOOK: predicting and changing health behaviour: research and practice with social cognition models: McGraw-hill education (UK).
Cronin, J. J., Brady, M. K., & Hult, G. T. M. (2000). Assessing the effects of quality, value, and customer satisfaction on consumer behavioral intentions in service environments. Journal of Retailing, 76(2), 193-218. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-4359(00)00028-2
Crosetto, P., Muller, L., & Ruffieux, B. (2016). Helping consumers with a front-of-pack label: Numbers or colors?: Experimental comparison between Guideline Daily Amount and Traffic Light in a diet- building exercise. Journal of Economic Psychology, 55, 30-50.
Dereń, K., Dembiński, Ł., Wyszyńska, J., Mazur, A., Weghuber, D., Łuszczki, E., . . . Koletzko, B. (2021). Front-of-pack nutrition labelling: A position statement of the european academy of paediatrics and the european childhood obesity group. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, 77(1), 23-28.
Dong, F., & Fuller, F. (2010). Dietary structural change in China's cities: Empirical fact or urban legend? Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, 58(1), 73-91.
Dongyu, Q. (2019). The State of Food and Agriculture Moving Forward on Food Loss and Waste Reduction. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation: Rome, Italy.
Downs, S., & Demmler, K. M. (2020). Food environment interventions targeting children and adolescents: A scoping review. Global Food Security, 27, 100403. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2020.100403
Egnell, M., Talati, Z., Galan, P., Andreeva, V. A., Vandevijvere, S., Gombaud, M., . . . Julia, C. (2020). Objective understanding of the Nutri-score front-of-pack label by European consumers and its effect on food choices: An online experimental study. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 17(1), 1-13.
Egnell, M., Talati, Z., Hercberg, S., Pettigrew, S., & Julia, C. (2018). Objective understanding of front-of-package nutrition labels: an international comparative experimental study across 12 countries. Nutrients, 10(10), 1542.
Elliott, C., & Truman, E. (2020). The Power of Packaging: A Scoping Review and Assessment of Child-Targeted Food Packaging. Nutrients, 12(4), 958. Retrieved from https://www.mdpi.com/2072- 6643/12/4/958
Festila, A., & Chrysochou, P. (2018). Implicit communication of food product healthfulness through package design: A content analysis. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 17(5), 461-476.
Food, & Nations, A. O. o. t. U. (2016). Handbook on Food Labelling to Protect Consumers. In: FAO Rome, Italy.
Garton, K., Swinburn, B., & Thow, A. M. (2021). Implications of international trade and investment agreements on policy space for restricting marketing of unhealthy food and beverages to children: lessons from inter-disciplinary expert interviews. Public Health Nutrition, 24(14), 4750-4764.
Garvin, D. (1983). Quality on the line. Harv. Bus. Rev., 65-75.
Gomez, P., Werle, C. O., & Corneille, O. (2017). The pitfall of nutrition facts label fluency: easier-to-process nutrition information enhances purchase intentions for unhealthy food products. Marketing Letters, 28, 15-27.
Grunert, K. G., Brock, S., Brunsø, K., Christiansen, T., Edelenbos, M., Kastberg, H., . . . Povlsen, K. K. (2016). Cool snacks: A cross- disciplinary approach to healthier snacks for adolescents. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 47, 82-92.
Haroon, M., Qureshi, T. M., Zia-ur-Rehman, M., & Nisar, M. (2011). Does the food advertisement on television have the impact on Children's food purchasing behavior? A study based on Pakistan food advertisement. International Journal of Business and Management, 6(1), 283.
Harris, J. L., Hyary, M., & Schwartz, M. B. (2021). Effects of offering look-alike products as smart snacks in schools. Childhood Obesity, 12(6), 432-439.
Ikonen, I., Sotgiu, F., Aydinli, A., & Verlegh, P. W. (2020). Consumer effects of front-of-package nutrition labeling: An interdisciplinary meta-analysis. Journal of the academy of marketing science, 48, 360-383.
Jin, B., & Gu Suh, Y. (2005). Integrating effect of consumer perception factors in predicting private brand purchase in a Korean discount store context. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 22(2), 62-71. doi:10.1108/07363760510589226
Kanter, R., Reyes, M., Vandevijvere, S., Swinburn, B., & Corvalán, C. (2019). Anticipatory effects of the implementation of the Chilean Law of Food Labeling and Advertising on food and beverage product reformulation. Obesity Reviews, 20, 129-140.
Kelly, B., & Jewell, J. (2019). Front-of-pack nutrition labelling in the European region: identifying what works for governments and consumers. Public Health Nutrition, 22(6), 1125-1128.
Kumar, N., & Kapoor, S. (2017). Do labels influence purchase decisions of food products? Study of young consumers of an emerging market. British Food Journal.
Kupka, R., Siekmans, K., & Beal, T. (2020). The diets of children: Overview of available data for children and adolescents. Global Food Security, 27, 100442.
L’Abbé, M., McHenry, E., & Emrich, T. (2012). What is front-of-pack labelling? Codex committee on food labelling, FAO/WHO information meeting on front-of-pack nutrition labelling. In: Charlottetown PEI.
Li, C.-Z., & Mattsson, L. (1995). Discrete Choice under Preference Uncertainty: An Improved Structural Model for Contingent Valuation. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 28(2), 256-269. doi: https://doi.org/10.1006/jeem.1995.1017
Maleki, S., Amiri Aghdaie, S. F., Shahin, A., & Ansari, A. (2020). Investigating the relationship among the Kansei-based design of chocolate packaging, consumer perception, and willingness to buy. Journal of Marketing Communications, 26(8), 836-855. doi:10.1080/13527266.2019.1590855
Medina-Molina, C., & Perez-Gonzalez, B. (2021). Nutritional labelling and purchase intention interaction of interpretative food labels with consumers' beliefs and decisions. British Food Journal, 123(2), 754-770.
Moubarac, J.-C. (2015). Ultra-processed food and drink products in Latin America: trends, impact on obesity, policy implications. Pan American Health Organization World Health Organization: Washington, DC, USA, 1-58.
Muller, L., & Prevost, M. (2016). What cognitive sciences have to say about the impacts of nutritional labelling formats. Journal of Economic Psychology, 55, 17-29.
Newman, C. L., Howlett, E., & Burton, S. (2014). Shopper response to front-of-package nutrition labeling programs: Potential consumer and retail store benefits. Journal of Retailing, 90(1), 13-26.
Nicklaus, S., Boggio, V., Chabanet, C., & Issanchou, S. (2004). A prospective study of food preferences in childhood. Food Quality and Preference, 15(7-8), 805-818.
Njike, V. Y., Smith, T. M., Shuval, O., Shuval, K., Edshteyn, I., Kalantari, V., & Yaroch, A. L. (2016). Snack food, satiety, and weight. Advances in nutrition, 7(5), 866-878.
Odoms-Young, A., Singleton, C. R., Springfield, S., McNabb, L., & Thompson, T. (2016). Retail environments as a venue for obesity prevention. Current obesity reports, 5(2), 184-191.
Organization, W. H. (2004). Global strategy on diet, physical activity, and health.
Organization, W. H. (2018). Retrieved from https://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and- overweight
Organization, W. H. (2020). Set of recommendations on the marketing of foods and non-alcoholic beverages to children.
Orquin, J. L., & Scholderer, J. (2015). Consumer judgments of explicit and implied health claims on foods: Misguided but not misled. Food policy, 51, 144-157.
Parliament, E., & Council. (2011). Regulation (EU) No 1169/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2011 on the provision of food information to consumers, amending Regulations (EC) No 1924/2006 and (EC) No 1925/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council, and repealing Commission Directive 87/250/EEC, Council Directive 90/496/EEC, Commission Directive 1999/10/EC, Directive 2000/13/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, Commission Directives 2002/67/EC and 2008/5/EC and Commission Regulation (EC) No 608/2004. Off. J. Eur. Union, 304, 18-63.
Pearce, A. L., Adise, S., Roberts, N. J., White, C., Geier, C. F., & Keller, K. L. (2020). Individual differences in the influence of taste and health impact successful dietary self-control: A mouse tracking food choice study in children. Physiology & Behavior, 223, 112990. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.112990
Popkin, B. M., & Hawkes, C. (2016). Sweetening of the global diet, particularly beverages: patterns, trends, and policy responses. The lancet Diabetes & endocrinology, 4(2), 174-186.
Rowley, J. (1998). Quality measurement in the public sector: Some perspectives from the service quality literature. Total quality management, 9(2-3), 321-333.
Sweeney, J. C., & Soutar, G. N. (2001). Consumer perceived value: The development of a multiple item scale. Journal of Retailing, 77(2), 203-220. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-4359(01)00041-0
Taillie, L. S., Busey, E., Stoltze, F. M., & Dillman Carpentier, F. R. (2019). Governmental policies to reduce unhealthy food marketing to children. Nutrition reviews, 77(11), 787-816.
Tanemura, N., & Hamadate, N. (2022). Association between consumers’ food selection and differences in food labeling regarding efficacy health information: Food selection based on differences in labeling. Food Control, 131, 108413.
Temple, N. J. (2020). Front-of-package food labels: A narrative review. Appetite, 144, 104485.
US Department of Agriculture, A. R. S. (2020). Snacks: percentages of selected nutrients contributed by food and beverages consumed at snack occasions, by gender and age, What We Eat in America, NHANES 2017–2018.
Valkenburg, P. M., & Cantor, J. (2001). The development of a child into a consumer. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 22(1), 61-72. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0193-3973(00)00066-6
van der Bend, D. L., & Lissner, L. (2019). Differences and similarities between front-of-pack nutrition labels in Europe: a comparison of functional and visual aspects. Nutrients, 11(3), 626.
Vyas, H. (2015). Packaging Design Elements and Users Perception: a context in fashion branding and communication. Journal of applied packaging research, 7(2), 5.
Wang, J., Tao, J., & Chu, M. (2020). Behind the label: Chinese consumers’ trust in food certification and the effect of perceived quality on purchase intention. Food Control, 108, 106825. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.106825
Acton, R. B., Jones, A. C., Kirkpatrick, S. I., Roberto, C. A., & Hammond, D. (2019). Taxes and front-of-package labels improve the healthiness of beverage and snack purchases: a randomized experimental marketplace. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 16(1), 1-15.
Ajzen, I. (1985). From Intentions to Actions: A Theory of Planned Behavior. In J. Kuhl & J. Beckmann (Eds.), Action Control: From Cognition to Behavior (pp. 11-39). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
Ares, G., Velázquez, A. L., Vidal, L., Curutchet, M. R., & Varela, P. (2022). The role of food packaging on children's diet: Insights for the design of comprehensive regulations to encourage healthier eating habits in childhood and beyond. Food Quality and Preference, 95, 104366. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodqual.2021.104366
Armstrong, G., & Kotler, P. (2003). Marketing: an introduction: Pearson Educación.
Balasubramanian, S. K., & Cole, C. (2002). Consumers' search and use of nutrition information: The challenge and promise of the nutrition labeling and education act. Journal of marketing, 66(3), 112-127.
Bartels, M., Tillack, K., & Jordan Lin, C. T. (2018). Communicating nutrition information at the point of purchase: An eye ‐ tracking study of shoppers at two grocery stores in the United States. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 42(5), 557-565.
Bauer, J. M., & Reisch, L. A. (2019). Behavioural insights and (un) healthy dietary choices: A review of current evidence. Journal of Consumer Policy, 42, 3-45.
Boland, W. A., Connell, P. M., & Erickson, L.-M. (2012). Children's response to sales promotions and their impact on purchase behavior. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 22(2), 272-279. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcps.2011.04.003
Boon, C. S., Lichtenstein, A. H., & Wartella, E. A. (2010). Front-of- package nutrition rating systems and symbols: Phase I report: National Academies Press.
Boyland, E. J., & Whalen, R. (2015). Food advertising to children and its effects on diet: review of recent prevalence and impact data. Pediatric diabetes, 16(5), 331-337.
Cairns, G., Angus, K., Hastings, G., & Caraher, M. (2013). Systematic reviews of the evidence on the nature, extent and effects of food marketing to children. A retrospective summary. Appetite, 62, 209- 215.
Chen, X., Zhang, Z., Yang, H., Qiu, P., Wang, H., Wang, F., . . . Nie, J. (2020). Consumption of ultra-processed foods and health outcomes: a systematic review of epidemiological studies. Nutrition journal, 19(1), 1-10.
Clark, H., Coll-Seck, A. M., Banerjee, A., Peterson, S., Dalglish, S. L., Ameratunga, S., . . . Borrazzo, J. (2020). A future for the world's children? A WHO–UNICEF–Lancet Commission. The Lancet, 395(10224), 605-658.
Conner, M., & Norman, P. (2015). EBOOK: predicting and changing health behaviour: research and practice with social cognition models: McGraw-hill education (UK).
Cronin, J. J., Brady, M. K., & Hult, G. T. M. (2000). Assessing the effects of quality, value, and customer satisfaction on consumer behavioral intentions in service environments. Journal of Retailing, 76(2), 193-218. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-4359(00)00028-2
Crosetto, P., Muller, L., & Ruffieux, B. (2016). Helping consumers with a front-of-pack label: Numbers or colors?: Experimental comparison between Guideline Daily Amount and Traffic Light in a diet- building exercise. Journal of Economic Psychology, 55, 30-50.
Dereń, K., Dembiński, Ł., Wyszyńska, J., Mazur, A., Weghuber, D., Łuszczki, E., . . . Koletzko, B. (2021). Front-of-pack nutrition labelling: A position statement of the european academy of paediatrics and the european childhood obesity group. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, 77(1), 23-28.
Dong, F., & Fuller, F. (2010). Dietary structural change in China's cities: Empirical fact or urban legend? Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, 58(1), 73-91.
Dongyu, Q. (2019). The State of Food and Agriculture Moving Forward on Food Loss and Waste Reduction. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation: Rome, Italy.
Downs, S., & Demmler, K. M. (2020). Food environment interventions targeting children and adolescents: A scoping review. Global Food Security, 27, 100403. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2020.100403
Egnell, M., Talati, Z., Galan, P., Andreeva, V. A., Vandevijvere, S., Gombaud, M., . . . Julia, C. (2020). Objective understanding of the Nutri-score front-of-pack label by European consumers and its effect on food choices: An online experimental study. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 17(1), 1-13.
Egnell, M., Talati, Z., Hercberg, S., Pettigrew, S., & Julia, C. (2018). Objective understanding of front-of-package nutrition labels: an international comparative experimental study across 12 countries. Nutrients, 10(10), 1542.
Elliott, C., & Truman, E. (2020). The Power of Packaging: A Scoping Review and Assessment of Child-Targeted Food Packaging. Nutrients, 12(4), 958. Retrieved from https://www.mdpi.com/2072- 6643/12/4/958
Festila, A., & Chrysochou, P. (2018). Implicit communication of food product healthfulness through package design: A content analysis. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 17(5), 461-476.
Food, & Nations, A. O. o. t. U. (2016). Handbook on Food Labelling to Protect Consumers. In: FAO Rome, Italy.
Garton, K., Swinburn, B., & Thow, A. M. (2021). Implications of international trade and investment agreements on policy space for restricting marketing of unhealthy food and beverages to children: lessons from inter-disciplinary expert interviews. Public Health Nutrition, 24(14), 4750-4764.
Garvin, D. (1983). Quality on the line. Harv. Bus. Rev., 65-75.
Gomez, P., Werle, C. O., & Corneille, O. (2017). The pitfall of nutrition facts label fluency: easier-to-process nutrition information enhances purchase intentions for unhealthy food products. Marketing Letters, 28, 15-27.
Grunert, K. G., Brock, S., Brunsø, K., Christiansen, T., Edelenbos, M., Kastberg, H., . . . Povlsen, K. K. (2016). Cool snacks: A cross- disciplinary approach to healthier snacks for adolescents. Trends in Food Science & Technology, 47, 82-92.
Haroon, M., Qureshi, T. M., Zia-ur-Rehman, M., & Nisar, M. (2011). Does the food advertisement on television have the impact on Children's food purchasing behavior? A study based on Pakistan food advertisement. International Journal of Business and Management, 6(1), 283.
Harris, J. L., Hyary, M., & Schwartz, M. B. (2021). Effects of offering look-alike products as smart snacks in schools. Childhood Obesity, 12(6), 432-439.
Ikonen, I., Sotgiu, F., Aydinli, A., & Verlegh, P. W. (2020). Consumer effects of front-of-package nutrition labeling: An interdisciplinary meta-analysis. Journal of the academy of marketing science, 48, 360-383.
Jin, B., & Gu Suh, Y. (2005). Integrating effect of consumer perception factors in predicting private brand purchase in a Korean discount store context. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 22(2), 62-71. doi:10.1108/07363760510589226
Kanter, R., Reyes, M., Vandevijvere, S., Swinburn, B., & Corvalán, C. (2019). Anticipatory effects of the implementation of the Chilean Law of Food Labeling and Advertising on food and beverage product reformulation. Obesity Reviews, 20, 129-140.
Kelly, B., & Jewell, J. (2019). Front-of-pack nutrition labelling in the European region: identifying what works for governments and consumers. Public Health Nutrition, 22(6), 1125-1128.
Kumar, N., & Kapoor, S. (2017). Do labels influence purchase decisions of food products? Study of young consumers of an emerging market. British Food Journal.
Kupka, R., Siekmans, K., & Beal, T. (2020). The diets of children: Overview of available data for children and adolescents. Global Food Security, 27, 100442.
L’Abbé, M., McHenry, E., & Emrich, T. (2012). What is front-of-pack labelling? Codex committee on food labelling, FAO/WHO information meeting on front-of-pack nutrition labelling. In: Charlottetown PEI.
Li, C.-Z., & Mattsson, L. (1995). Discrete Choice under Preference Uncertainty: An Improved Structural Model for Contingent Valuation. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 28(2), 256-269. doi: https://doi.org/10.1006/jeem.1995.1017
Maleki, S., Amiri Aghdaie, S. F., Shahin, A., & Ansari, A. (2020). Investigating the relationship among the Kansei-based design of chocolate packaging, consumer perception, and willingness to buy. Journal of Marketing Communications, 26(8), 836-855. doi:10.1080/13527266.2019.1590855
Medina-Molina, C., & Perez-Gonzalez, B. (2021). Nutritional labelling and purchase intention interaction of interpretative food labels with consumers' beliefs and decisions. British Food Journal, 123(2), 754-770.
Moubarac, J.-C. (2015). Ultra-processed food and drink products in Latin America: trends, impact on obesity, policy implications. Pan American Health Organization World Health Organization: Washington, DC, USA, 1-58.
Muller, L., & Prevost, M. (2016). What cognitive sciences have to say about the impacts of nutritional labelling formats. Journal of Economic Psychology, 55, 17-29.
Newman, C. L., Howlett, E., & Burton, S. (2014). Shopper response to front-of-package nutrition labeling programs: Potential consumer and retail store benefits. Journal of Retailing, 90(1), 13-26.
Nicklaus, S., Boggio, V., Chabanet, C., & Issanchou, S. (2004). A prospective study of food preferences in childhood. Food Quality and Preference, 15(7-8), 805-818.
Njike, V. Y., Smith, T. M., Shuval, O., Shuval, K., Edshteyn, I., Kalantari, V., & Yaroch, A. L. (2016). Snack food, satiety, and weight. Advances in nutrition, 7(5), 866-878.
Odoms-Young, A., Singleton, C. R., Springfield, S., McNabb, L., & Thompson, T. (2016). Retail environments as a venue for obesity prevention. Current obesity reports, 5(2), 184-191.
Organization, W. H. (2004). Global strategy on diet, physical activity, and health.
Organization, W. H. (2018). Retrieved from https://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and- overweight
Organization, W. H. (2020). Set of recommendations on the marketing of foods and non-alcoholic beverages to children.
Orquin, J. L., & Scholderer, J. (2015). Consumer judgments of explicit and implied health claims on foods: Misguided but not misled. Food policy, 51, 144-157.
Parliament, E., & Council. (2011). Regulation (EU) No 1169/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2011 on the provision of food information to consumers, amending Regulations (EC) No 1924/2006 and (EC) No 1925/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council, and repealing Commission Directive 87/250/EEC, Council Directive 90/496/EEC, Commission Directive 1999/10/EC, Directive 2000/13/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, Commission Directives 2002/67/EC and 2008/5/EC and Commission Regulation (EC) No 608/2004. Off. J. Eur. Union, 304, 18-63.
Pearce, A. L., Adise, S., Roberts, N. J., White, C., Geier, C. F., & Keller, K. L. (2020). Individual differences in the influence of taste and health impact successful dietary self-control: A mouse tracking food choice study in children. Physiology & Behavior, 223, 112990. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.112990
Popkin, B. M., & Hawkes, C. (2016). Sweetening of the global diet, particularly beverages: patterns, trends, and policy responses. The lancet Diabetes & endocrinology, 4(2), 174-186.
Rowley, J. (1998). Quality measurement in the public sector: Some perspectives from the service quality literature. Total quality management, 9(2-3), 321-333.
Sweeney, J. C., & Soutar, G. N. (2001). Consumer perceived value: The development of a multiple item scale. Journal of Retailing, 77(2), 203-220. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-4359(01)00041-0
Taillie, L. S., Busey, E., Stoltze, F. M., & Dillman Carpentier, F. R. (2019). Governmental policies to reduce unhealthy food marketing to children. Nutrition reviews, 77(11), 787-816.
Tanemura, N., & Hamadate, N. (2022). Association between consumers’ food selection and differences in food labeling regarding efficacy health information: Food selection based on differences in labeling. Food Control, 131, 108413.
Temple, N. J. (2020). Front-of-package food labels: A narrative review. Appetite, 144, 104485.
US Department of Agriculture, A. R. S. (2020). Snacks: percentages of selected nutrients contributed by food and beverages consumed at snack occasions, by gender and age, What We Eat in America, NHANES 2017–2018.
Valkenburg, P. M., & Cantor, J. (2001). The development of a child into a consumer. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 22(1), 61-72. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0193-3973(00)00066-6
van der Bend, D. L., & Lissner, L. (2019). Differences and similarities between front-of-pack nutrition labels in Europe: a comparison of functional and visual aspects. Nutrients, 11(3), 626.
Vyas, H. (2015). Packaging Design Elements and Users Perception: a context in fashion branding and communication. Journal of applied packaging research, 7(2), 5.
Wang, J., Tao, J., & Chu, M. (2020). Behind the label: Chinese consumers’ trust in food certification and the effect of perceived quality on purchase intention. Food Control, 108, 106825. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.106825
Published
2024-05-03
How to Cite
JUNJIE, Guo; IBRAHIM, Nur Hisham; AB GANI, Muhamad Abdul Aziz.
Whether Children Aged 10-12 React to FOP Nutri-Score Labels on the Children’s Snack Packaging During the Period of Purchase in China.
Idealogy Journal, [S.l.], v. 9, n. 1, may 2024.
ISSN 2550-214X.
Available at: <http://idealogyjournal.com/ojs/index.php/idealogy/article/view/461>. Date accessed: 18 may 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.24191/idealogy.v9i1.461.
Section
Original Articles
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