Code-Mixing In Selected Malaysian Hip-Hop Discography
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24191/idealogy.v10i1.685Keywords:
bilingualism, code-mixing, hip hop, language hybridisation, sociolinguisticAbstract
The study focuses on the bilingualism capabilities observed in code-mixing, particularly within Malaysia, a country that has embraced English as a second language. Concurrently, the hip-hop industry, renowned globally, frequently employs code-mixing as a strategy to enhance audience engagement. This study expands on the underestimation of code-mixing usage in Malaysia's hip-hop industry to better understand the country's language hybridisation throughout the years, which is also influenced by certain sociolinguistic factors, pertaining to the Malaysian community. Drawing on Musyken's categories of code-mixing, which include insertion, alternation, and congruent lexicalisation, three specific Malaysian hip-hop songs served as the primary data for this qualitative research: Dua Puluh by Benzooloo, Luca Sickta, and Yonnyboi; Satu Malam di Temasek by Joe Flizzow featuring Sonaone; and Lotus by ForceParkBois. Employing purposive sampling aligns with the research objectives, and extraction and analysis will follow once appropriate measures are implemented. This study not only contributes to a deeper understanding of code-mixing in the music industry but also sets the groundwork for broader research in the intersection of music and linguistics.
Keywords: bilingualism, code-mixing, hip hop, language hybridisation, sociolinguistic
References
Aboh, E. O. (2020). Lessons from neuro-(a)-typical brains: universal multilingualism, code-mixing, recombination, and executive functions. Frontiers in Psychology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00488
Adawiah, R., Nasrah, N., Zamzam, N., AR, T., & S., M. (2023). Code mixing used by k-pop lovers on social media. Inspiring: English Education Journal, 6(1), 36-45. https://doi.org/10.35905/inspiring.v6i1.4351
Aditiawarman, M. and Hayati, H. (2021). An analysis of code-mixing and code-switching used by maudy ayunda in perspektif metro tv. Jurnal Ilmiah Langue and Parole, 5(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.36057/jilp.v5i1.491
Barnes, A. (2023). We don’t need no education: a textual analysis of anglo-american popular music lyrics about school. Education Sciences, 14(1), 4. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14010004
Bao, H., Huang, S., Wei, F., Cui, L., Wu, Y., Tan, C., ... & Zhou, M. (2019). Neural melody composition from lyrics. Natural Language Processing and Chinese Computing, 499-511. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32233-5_39
Bao, L. and Boonsrianan, P. (2024). Teaching resource of chengdu popular music for fostering literacy and cultural education in china. International Journal of Education and Literacy Studies, 12(1), 230-237. https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijels.v.12n.1p.230
Björk, C., Ruthmann, S., Granfors, M., Högväg, J., & Andersson, S. (2021). The potential of a mixed-methods approach for research on learning to theorise music. Music Education Research, 23(3), 374-390. https://doi.org/10.1080/14613808.2020.1853085
Chen, B. (2022). The relationship between music development and economic development. Proceedings of the 2022 2nd International Conference on Economic Development and Business Culture (ICEDBC 2022), 37-41. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-036-7_7
Chinelo, N. (2021). Code-switching and code-mixing as stylistic devices in selected gospel songs of mercy chinwo. International Journal of Innovative Research and Development, 10(12). https://doi.org/10.24940/ijird/2021/v10/i12/dec21004
Cutler, C. (2022). The co-construction of whiteness in an mc battle. Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA), 9-22. https://doi.org/10.1075/prag.17.1.01cut
Cole, M. S. (2022). Understanding russophone estonian identity through popular culture: an analysis of hip-hop hit “für oksana”. Nationalities Papers, 52(2), 272-300. https://doi.org/10.1017/nps.2022.94
Duinker, B. (2021). Song form and the mainstreaming of hip-hop music. Current Musicology, 107, 93-135. https://doi.org/10.52214/cm.v107i.7177
Elmahida, H., Islamiati, B., & Sartika, E. (2023). Code-mixing analysis on narasi newsroom with cinta laura kiehl. PRASASTI: Journal of Linguistics, 8(1), 55. https://doi.org/10.20961/prasasti.v8i1.58480
Eybers, O. (2022). Coloniality as appropriation of indigenous ontologies: insights from south africa and ethiopia. Journal of Black Studies, 54(1), 45-61. https://doi.org/10.1177/00219347221134282
Fadil, R. and Andriani, D. I. (2021). Code mixing used in masterchef indonesia season 5. VELES Voices of English Language Education Society, 5(2), 167-182. https://doi.org/10.29408/veles.v5i2.3862
Fitria, A. G., & Syarif, H. (2021). An analysis of language code mixing and code switching used by teacher during English teaching learning process at SMP Negeri 2 Kamang Magek. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210914.042
Abdul Fikri and Irwandi (2024). Malaysian students' vocabulary learning strategies in acquiring english as second language. English Journal Literacy Utama, 8(1), 57-63. https://doi.org/10.33197/ejlutama.v8i1.238
Gilbers, S., Hoeksema, N., Bot, K. d., & Lowie, W. (2019). Regional variation in west and east coast african-american english prosody and rap flows. Language and Speech, 63(4), 713-745. https://doi.org/10.1177/0023830919881479
Griffin, M. (2023). There’s some whores in this house: an examination of female sexuality in r&b/hip hop and pop music, 1991–2021. Sexuality & Culture, 28(2), 610-631. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12119-023-10136-5
Grönstrand, H., Huss, M., & Kauranen, R. (2019). The aesthetics and politics of linguistic borders.. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429260834
Hartmann, E. C. (2022). Multilingual, multimodal, and multivocal creative songwriting based on tomi ungerer’s picturebooksve songwriting based on tomi ungerer’s picturebooks. Journal of Literary Education, (6), 5. https://doi.org/10.7203/jle.6.24506
Johan, A., & Amir Hamzah, S. (2019). Malaysian popular music and social cohesion: A focus group study conducted in Kuching, Kota Kinabalu and Klang Valley. Kajian Malaysia, 37(2), 173-195. https://doi.org/10.21315/km2019.37.2.8
Jimmi, J. and Davistasya, R. E. (2019). Code-mixing in language style of south jakarta community indonesia. Premise: Journal of English Education, 8(2), 193. https://doi.org/10.24127/pj.v8i2.2219
Kadir, R. (2021). Code-switching in indonesian popular songs and the implications for english language teaching. Joall (Journal of Applied Linguistics and Literature), 6(1), 109-132. https://doi.org/10.33369/joall.v6i1.13314
Kamaruddin, N. Z. Z. and Hashim, H. (2024). Penerimaan dan cabaran inovasi muzik digital terhadap industri muzik di malaysia. Jurnal Komunikasi: Malaysian Journal of Communication, 40(2), 262-280.
https://doi.org/10.17576/jkmjc-2024-4002-15
Khairunnisha Azahari, N., & Husna Serip Mohamad, N. (2023). Bridging identities: Analysing code-mixing in Yuna's conversation with a local Malaysian activist. Journal for the Study of English Linguistics, 11(1), 52. https://doi.org/10.5296/jsel.v11i1.21291
Klar, Y., Mar’i, A. a., Halabi, S., Basheer, A., & Basheer, B. (2020). Reactions of arab-palestinians in israel toward an in-group member mixing hebrew or english with arabic. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 39(4), 516-533. https://doi.org/10.1177/0261927x20933657
Kruse, A. (2020). ‘take a back seat’: white music teachers engaging hip-hop in the classroom. Research Studies in Music Education, 42(2), 143-159. https://doi.org/10.1177/1321103x19899174
Meacham, S. J., Meacham, S., Thompson, M., & Graves, H. (2019). Hip‐hop early literacy in k–1 classrooms. The Reading Teacher, 73(1), 29-37. https://doi.org/10.1002/trtr.1809
Mukhlis, A., & Nor Eleyana, A. (2023). An Analysis of Code-Switching in the Lyrics of Selected Malaysian Hip-Hop Songs. ESTEEM Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 7(2). https://ejssh.uitm.edu.my
Mulyati, S., Astuti, P. I., Arianti, A., & Noviana, A. (2021). Code mixing strategies in BLACKPINK’s album. ASELS_2021. https://doi.org/10.51773/asels2021.v1i1.46
Muhardis, M., & Afrinda, P. (2022). Code mixing in song lyrics as a form of regional language defense (?). Proceedings of the First International Conference on Democracy and Social Transformation, ICON-DEMOST 2021, September 15, 2021, Semarang, Indonesia. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.15-9-2021.2315607
Mukhlis, A., & Nor Eleyana, A. (2023). An Analysis of Code-Switching in the Lyrics of Selected Malaysian Hip-Hop Songs. ESTEEM Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 7(2). https://ejssh.uitm.edu.my
Ng, G. and Yang, H. (2021). Code-switching patterns differentially shape cognitive control: testing the predictions of the adaptive control hypothesis. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 25(3), 521-535. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1366728921000754
Nguyen, J. and Ferguson, G. (2019). A global cypher: the role of hip hop in cultural identity construction and navigation for southeast asian american youth. New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 2019(164), 99-115. https://doi.org/10.1002/cad.20279
Nurpiana, Z. and Fithriani, R. (2023). Indonesian efl teachers’ use of code mixing in classroom interactions. Journal of Vocational Education Studies, 6(1), 25-39. https://doi.org/10.12928/joves.v6i1.8049
Novarita, P. (2019). The analysis of code mixing used by Agnez Monica in commentating the participants of the voice Indonesia contest. International Journal of Language & Linguistics, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.30845/ijll.v6n2p8
Priyatna, H., Rukmini, D., & Pratama, H. (2022). The code-mixing used by nadiem anwar makarim on chosen youtube video. English Education Journal, 12(4), 611-620. https://doi.org/10.15294/eej.v12i4.65355
Propungsri, P., Muhammad Farhan, M., Shalsabila, A. P., & Noor, F. L. (2023). Code-Switching and Code-Mixing in the Chinese Version Lyrics of the XOXO Album by EXO. Journal of Chinese Interdisciplinary Studies, 1(2), 36-46. https://journal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/ijcis/article/view/25239/9980
Rahmatillah, K. (2018). The impacts of code-mixing for Malay native speaker. ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal), 3(2). https://doi.org/10.26877/eternal.v3i2.2239
Rahmawati, L., Sholeha, M., & Rizka, H. (2022). Code-mixing in whatsapp group discussions of online english classes. Journal of English and Education (JEE), 8(2), 73-80. https://doi.org/10.20885/jee.v8i2.24374
Rayo, W., Barrita, A. M., Cabrera Martinez, L., & Carbajal, I. (2024). The complexity in bilingual code-switching research: a systematic review. Languages, 9(6), 217. https://doi.org/10.3390/languages9060217
Ripani, G. (2021). Children’s representations of music, musical identities, and musical engagement: content and socio-demographic influences. Journal of Research in Music Education, 70(3), 271-296. https://doi.org/10.1177/00224294211065096
Risqullah, Z. (2019). Depression in freddie mercury’s song lyrics: “bohemian rhapsody”, “somebody to love” and “love of my life”. Dinamika Jurnal Sastra Dan Budaya, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.25139/dinamika.v6i2.1619
Rustan, E. and Ajiegoena, A. M. (2022). Code-mixing and second language acquisition on social media by digital native indonesian children. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 13(1), 217-226. https://doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1301.25
Rosmiaty, R., Ratnawaty, R., & Muhri, A. (2020). Investigating code-mixing as persuasive strategies in advertising: A study of code-mixing in Indonesian commercial context. ELT Worldwide: Journal of English Language Teaching, 7(1), 70. https://doi.org/10.26858/eltww.v7i1.15108
Sarah, B., & Oladayo, M. M. (2021). Code-switching and code mixing in the selected tracks of the hip hop music of flavour and 9ice. International Journal of English and Comparative Literary Studies, 2(3), 55-70. https://doi.org/10.47631/ijecls.v2i3.255
Savage, P. E., Loui, P., Tarr, B., Schachner, A., Glowacki, L., Mithen, S., ... & Fitch, W. T. (2020). Music as a coevolved system for social bonding. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/qp3st
Shah, S. M. (2006). Popular music in Malaysia: Education from the outside. International Journal of Music Education, 24(2), 132-139. https://doi.org/10.1177/0255761406065474
Smith, R. and Secoy, J. J. R. (2019). Exploring the music identity development of elementary education majors using ukulele and youtube. Journal of Music Teacher Education, 29(1), 71-85. https://doi.org/10.1177/1057083719871026
Shashikala, H. P. L. W. (2021). Exploring the sociolinguistic aspects of sinhala-english code-mixing among urban sri lankan bilingual speakers. Open Journal of Modern Linguistics, 11(02), 158-173. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojml.2021.112014
Smolak, E., Anda, S. D., Enriquez, B., Poulin‐Dubois, D., & Friend, M. (2019). Code-switching in young bilingual toddlers: a longitudinal, cross-language investigation. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 23(3), 500-518. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1366728919000257
Soares, A. P., Oliveira, H. M., Ferreira, M., Comesaña, M., Macedo, A. F., Ferré, P., … & Fraga, I. (2019). Lexico-syntactic interactions during the processing of temporally ambiguous l2 relative clauses: an eye-tracking study with intermediate and advanced portuguese-english bilinguals. Plos One, 14(5),
e0216779. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0216779
Tambunan, K., Effendi, F. E., & Ridha, M. (2024). Implicit and explicit information in the translation of "flowers" lyrics by miley cyrus. Proceedings of International Conference on Education, 2(1), 771-775. https://doi.org/10.32672/pice.v2i1.1356
Travis, R. (2012). Rap music and the empowerment of today’s youth: Evidence in everyday music listening, music therapy, and commercial rap music. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, 30(2), 139-167. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10560-012-0285-x
Thompson, W. F., Geeves, A., & Olsen, K. N. (2019). Who enjoys listening to violent music and why?. Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 8(3), 218-232. https://doi.org/10.1037/ppm0000184
Ting, S., Alvin, Y. A., & Jerome, C. (2023). Blame it on my parents! - parental heritage influence on iban popular music consumption and ethnic identity among iban youths in malaysia. Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies, 10(2), 109-128. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejecs/1512
Tsiplakou, S. (2022). Doing (bi)lingualism: language alternation as performative construction of online identities. Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA), 361-391. https://doi.org/10.1075/prag.19.3.04tsi
Villadarez, C. (2021). Analysis on code-switching in pinoy songs. International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation, 4(10), 148-158. https://doi.org/10.32996/ijllt.2021.4.10.18
Voice, M. and Whiteley, S. (2019). ‘y’all don’t wanna hear me, you just wanna dance’: a cognitive approach to listener attention in outkast’s ‘hey ya!’. Language and Literature: International Journal of Stylistics, 28(1), 7-22. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963947019827048
Wan Rusli, W. N., Shaari, A. H., Zainuddin, S. Z., Lay Shi, N., & Amin, A. S. (2018). Intra and Intersentential code-switching phenomena in modern Malay songs. 3L The Southeast Asian Journal of English Language Studies, 24(3), 184-205. https://doi.org/10.17576/3l-2018-2403-14
Wibowo, H. and Hamidah, N. (2023). Linguistic interplay on social media: unraveling indonesian-english code mixing on twitter. Tamaddun, 22(2), 193-212. https://doi.org/10.33096/tamaddun.v22i2.547
Wirhayati, W. and Safitri, H. (2020). Code-mixing and code-switching in teaching listening skills to intermediate 3 students at lbpp lia bekasi. Lexeme : Journal of Linguistics and Applied Linguistics, 2(2), 113. https://doi.org/10.32493/ljlal.v2i2.9512
Werner, V. (2023). English and german pop song lyrics: towards a contrastive textology. Journal for Language Technology and Computational Linguistics, 36(1), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.21248/jlcl.36.2023.235
Ohia, D. (2023). Linguistic features of code-mixing and code-switching: the case of educated ogba bilinguals. European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, 1(3), 392-399. https://doi.org/10.59324/ejtas.2023.1(3).40
Oliva, J. and Colombo, A. (2023). Perceived intense emotions and their influence on cultural identification processes: a mixed-method study of a classical music festival. Empirical Studies of the Arts, 42(1), 65-85. https://doi.org/10.1177/02762374231176192
Ozaki, Y., Kloots, M. d. H., Ravignani, A., & Savage, P. E. (2023). Cultural evolution of music and language.. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/s7apx
Zhi, L. and Zhao, Y. (2022). Localization and mainstream emergence of hip-hop music in china: a critical transculturalism perspective. Media, Culture &Amp; Society, 44(3), 407-427. https://doi.org/10.1177/01634437221077160
Adawiah, R., Nasrah, N., Zamzam, N., AR, T., & S., M. (2023). Code mixing used by k-pop lovers on social media. Inspiring: English Education Journal, 6(1), 36-45. https://doi.org/10.35905/inspiring.v6i1.4351
Aditiawarman, M. and Hayati, H. (2021). An analysis of code-mixing and code-switching used by maudy ayunda in perspektif metro tv. Jurnal Ilmiah Langue and Parole, 5(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.36057/jilp.v5i1.491
Barnes, A. (2023). We don’t need no education: a textual analysis of anglo-american popular music lyrics about school. Education Sciences, 14(1), 4. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci14010004
Bao, H., Huang, S., Wei, F., Cui, L., Wu, Y., Tan, C., ... & Zhou, M. (2019). Neural melody composition from lyrics. Natural Language Processing and Chinese Computing, 499-511. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32233-5_39
Bao, L. and Boonsrianan, P. (2024). Teaching resource of chengdu popular music for fostering literacy and cultural education in china. International Journal of Education and Literacy Studies, 12(1), 230-237. https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijels.v.12n.1p.230
Björk, C., Ruthmann, S., Granfors, M., Högväg, J., & Andersson, S. (2021). The potential of a mixed-methods approach for research on learning to theorise music. Music Education Research, 23(3), 374-390. https://doi.org/10.1080/14613808.2020.1853085
Chen, B. (2022). The relationship between music development and economic development. Proceedings of the 2022 2nd International Conference on Economic Development and Business Culture (ICEDBC 2022), 37-41. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-036-7_7
Chinelo, N. (2021). Code-switching and code-mixing as stylistic devices in selected gospel songs of mercy chinwo. International Journal of Innovative Research and Development, 10(12). https://doi.org/10.24940/ijird/2021/v10/i12/dec21004
Cutler, C. (2022). The co-construction of whiteness in an mc battle. Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA), 9-22. https://doi.org/10.1075/prag.17.1.01cut
Cole, M. S. (2022). Understanding russophone estonian identity through popular culture: an analysis of hip-hop hit “für oksana”. Nationalities Papers, 52(2), 272-300. https://doi.org/10.1017/nps.2022.94
Duinker, B. (2021). Song form and the mainstreaming of hip-hop music. Current Musicology, 107, 93-135. https://doi.org/10.52214/cm.v107i.7177
Elmahida, H., Islamiati, B., & Sartika, E. (2023). Code-mixing analysis on narasi newsroom with cinta laura kiehl. PRASASTI: Journal of Linguistics, 8(1), 55. https://doi.org/10.20961/prasasti.v8i1.58480
Eybers, O. (2022). Coloniality as appropriation of indigenous ontologies: insights from south africa and ethiopia. Journal of Black Studies, 54(1), 45-61. https://doi.org/10.1177/00219347221134282
Fadil, R. and Andriani, D. I. (2021). Code mixing used in masterchef indonesia season 5. VELES Voices of English Language Education Society, 5(2), 167-182. https://doi.org/10.29408/veles.v5i2.3862
Fitria, A. G., & Syarif, H. (2021). An analysis of language code mixing and code switching used by teacher during English teaching learning process at SMP Negeri 2 Kamang Magek. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210914.042
Abdul Fikri and Irwandi (2024). Malaysian students' vocabulary learning strategies in acquiring english as second language. English Journal Literacy Utama, 8(1), 57-63. https://doi.org/10.33197/ejlutama.v8i1.238
Gilbers, S., Hoeksema, N., Bot, K. d., & Lowie, W. (2019). Regional variation in west and east coast african-american english prosody and rap flows. Language and Speech, 63(4), 713-745. https://doi.org/10.1177/0023830919881479
Griffin, M. (2023). There’s some whores in this house: an examination of female sexuality in r&b/hip hop and pop music, 1991–2021. Sexuality & Culture, 28(2), 610-631. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12119-023-10136-5
Grönstrand, H., Huss, M., & Kauranen, R. (2019). The aesthetics and politics of linguistic borders.. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429260834
Hartmann, E. C. (2022). Multilingual, multimodal, and multivocal creative songwriting based on tomi ungerer’s picturebooksve songwriting based on tomi ungerer’s picturebooks. Journal of Literary Education, (6), 5. https://doi.org/10.7203/jle.6.24506
Johan, A., & Amir Hamzah, S. (2019). Malaysian popular music and social cohesion: A focus group study conducted in Kuching, Kota Kinabalu and Klang Valley. Kajian Malaysia, 37(2), 173-195. https://doi.org/10.21315/km2019.37.2.8
Jimmi, J. and Davistasya, R. E. (2019). Code-mixing in language style of south jakarta community indonesia. Premise: Journal of English Education, 8(2), 193. https://doi.org/10.24127/pj.v8i2.2219
Kadir, R. (2021). Code-switching in indonesian popular songs and the implications for english language teaching. Joall (Journal of Applied Linguistics and Literature), 6(1), 109-132. https://doi.org/10.33369/joall.v6i1.13314
Kamaruddin, N. Z. Z. and Hashim, H. (2024). Penerimaan dan cabaran inovasi muzik digital terhadap industri muzik di malaysia. Jurnal Komunikasi: Malaysian Journal of Communication, 40(2), 262-280.
https://doi.org/10.17576/jkmjc-2024-4002-15
Khairunnisha Azahari, N., & Husna Serip Mohamad, N. (2023). Bridging identities: Analysing code-mixing in Yuna's conversation with a local Malaysian activist. Journal for the Study of English Linguistics, 11(1), 52. https://doi.org/10.5296/jsel.v11i1.21291
Klar, Y., Mar’i, A. a., Halabi, S., Basheer, A., & Basheer, B. (2020). Reactions of arab-palestinians in israel toward an in-group member mixing hebrew or english with arabic. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 39(4), 516-533. https://doi.org/10.1177/0261927x20933657
Kruse, A. (2020). ‘take a back seat’: white music teachers engaging hip-hop in the classroom. Research Studies in Music Education, 42(2), 143-159. https://doi.org/10.1177/1321103x19899174
Meacham, S. J., Meacham, S., Thompson, M., & Graves, H. (2019). Hip‐hop early literacy in k–1 classrooms. The Reading Teacher, 73(1), 29-37. https://doi.org/10.1002/trtr.1809
Mukhlis, A., & Nor Eleyana, A. (2023). An Analysis of Code-Switching in the Lyrics of Selected Malaysian Hip-Hop Songs. ESTEEM Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 7(2). https://ejssh.uitm.edu.my
Mulyati, S., Astuti, P. I., Arianti, A., & Noviana, A. (2021). Code mixing strategies in BLACKPINK’s album. ASELS_2021. https://doi.org/10.51773/asels2021.v1i1.46
Muhardis, M., & Afrinda, P. (2022). Code mixing in song lyrics as a form of regional language defense (?). Proceedings of the First International Conference on Democracy and Social Transformation, ICON-DEMOST 2021, September 15, 2021, Semarang, Indonesia. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.15-9-2021.2315607
Mukhlis, A., & Nor Eleyana, A. (2023). An Analysis of Code-Switching in the Lyrics of Selected Malaysian Hip-Hop Songs. ESTEEM Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 7(2). https://ejssh.uitm.edu.my
Ng, G. and Yang, H. (2021). Code-switching patterns differentially shape cognitive control: testing the predictions of the adaptive control hypothesis. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 25(3), 521-535. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1366728921000754
Nguyen, J. and Ferguson, G. (2019). A global cypher: the role of hip hop in cultural identity construction and navigation for southeast asian american youth. New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development, 2019(164), 99-115. https://doi.org/10.1002/cad.20279
Nurpiana, Z. and Fithriani, R. (2023). Indonesian efl teachers’ use of code mixing in classroom interactions. Journal of Vocational Education Studies, 6(1), 25-39. https://doi.org/10.12928/joves.v6i1.8049
Novarita, P. (2019). The analysis of code mixing used by Agnez Monica in commentating the participants of the voice Indonesia contest. International Journal of Language & Linguistics, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.30845/ijll.v6n2p8
Priyatna, H., Rukmini, D., & Pratama, H. (2022). The code-mixing used by nadiem anwar makarim on chosen youtube video. English Education Journal, 12(4), 611-620. https://doi.org/10.15294/eej.v12i4.65355
Propungsri, P., Muhammad Farhan, M., Shalsabila, A. P., & Noor, F. L. (2023). Code-Switching and Code-Mixing in the Chinese Version Lyrics of the XOXO Album by EXO. Journal of Chinese Interdisciplinary Studies, 1(2), 36-46. https://journal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/ijcis/article/view/25239/9980
Rahmatillah, K. (2018). The impacts of code-mixing for Malay native speaker. ETERNAL (English Teaching Journal), 3(2). https://doi.org/10.26877/eternal.v3i2.2239
Rahmawati, L., Sholeha, M., & Rizka, H. (2022). Code-mixing in whatsapp group discussions of online english classes. Journal of English and Education (JEE), 8(2), 73-80. https://doi.org/10.20885/jee.v8i2.24374
Rayo, W., Barrita, A. M., Cabrera Martinez, L., & Carbajal, I. (2024). The complexity in bilingual code-switching research: a systematic review. Languages, 9(6), 217. https://doi.org/10.3390/languages9060217
Ripani, G. (2021). Children’s representations of music, musical identities, and musical engagement: content and socio-demographic influences. Journal of Research in Music Education, 70(3), 271-296. https://doi.org/10.1177/00224294211065096
Risqullah, Z. (2019). Depression in freddie mercury’s song lyrics: “bohemian rhapsody”, “somebody to love” and “love of my life”. Dinamika Jurnal Sastra Dan Budaya, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.25139/dinamika.v6i2.1619
Rustan, E. and Ajiegoena, A. M. (2022). Code-mixing and second language acquisition on social media by digital native indonesian children. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 13(1), 217-226. https://doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1301.25
Rosmiaty, R., Ratnawaty, R., & Muhri, A. (2020). Investigating code-mixing as persuasive strategies in advertising: A study of code-mixing in Indonesian commercial context. ELT Worldwide: Journal of English Language Teaching, 7(1), 70. https://doi.org/10.26858/eltww.v7i1.15108
Sarah, B., & Oladayo, M. M. (2021). Code-switching and code mixing in the selected tracks of the hip hop music of flavour and 9ice. International Journal of English and Comparative Literary Studies, 2(3), 55-70. https://doi.org/10.47631/ijecls.v2i3.255
Savage, P. E., Loui, P., Tarr, B., Schachner, A., Glowacki, L., Mithen, S., ... & Fitch, W. T. (2020). Music as a coevolved system for social bonding. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/qp3st
Shah, S. M. (2006). Popular music in Malaysia: Education from the outside. International Journal of Music Education, 24(2), 132-139. https://doi.org/10.1177/0255761406065474
Smith, R. and Secoy, J. J. R. (2019). Exploring the music identity development of elementary education majors using ukulele and youtube. Journal of Music Teacher Education, 29(1), 71-85. https://doi.org/10.1177/1057083719871026
Shashikala, H. P. L. W. (2021). Exploring the sociolinguistic aspects of sinhala-english code-mixing among urban sri lankan bilingual speakers. Open Journal of Modern Linguistics, 11(02), 158-173. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojml.2021.112014
Smolak, E., Anda, S. D., Enriquez, B., Poulin‐Dubois, D., & Friend, M. (2019). Code-switching in young bilingual toddlers: a longitudinal, cross-language investigation. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 23(3), 500-518. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1366728919000257
Soares, A. P., Oliveira, H. M., Ferreira, M., Comesaña, M., Macedo, A. F., Ferré, P., … & Fraga, I. (2019). Lexico-syntactic interactions during the processing of temporally ambiguous l2 relative clauses: an eye-tracking study with intermediate and advanced portuguese-english bilinguals. Plos One, 14(5),
e0216779. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0216779
Tambunan, K., Effendi, F. E., & Ridha, M. (2024). Implicit and explicit information in the translation of "flowers" lyrics by miley cyrus. Proceedings of International Conference on Education, 2(1), 771-775. https://doi.org/10.32672/pice.v2i1.1356
Travis, R. (2012). Rap music and the empowerment of today’s youth: Evidence in everyday music listening, music therapy, and commercial rap music. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, 30(2), 139-167. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10560-012-0285-x
Thompson, W. F., Geeves, A., & Olsen, K. N. (2019). Who enjoys listening to violent music and why?. Psychology of Popular Media Culture, 8(3), 218-232. https://doi.org/10.1037/ppm0000184
Ting, S., Alvin, Y. A., & Jerome, C. (2023). Blame it on my parents! - parental heritage influence on iban popular music consumption and ethnic identity among iban youths in malaysia. Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies, 10(2), 109-128. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejecs/1512
Tsiplakou, S. (2022). Doing (bi)lingualism: language alternation as performative construction of online identities. Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA), 361-391. https://doi.org/10.1075/prag.19.3.04tsi
Villadarez, C. (2021). Analysis on code-switching in pinoy songs. International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation, 4(10), 148-158. https://doi.org/10.32996/ijllt.2021.4.10.18
Voice, M. and Whiteley, S. (2019). ‘y’all don’t wanna hear me, you just wanna dance’: a cognitive approach to listener attention in outkast’s ‘hey ya!’. Language and Literature: International Journal of Stylistics, 28(1), 7-22. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963947019827048
Wan Rusli, W. N., Shaari, A. H., Zainuddin, S. Z., Lay Shi, N., & Amin, A. S. (2018). Intra and Intersentential code-switching phenomena in modern Malay songs. 3L The Southeast Asian Journal of English Language Studies, 24(3), 184-205. https://doi.org/10.17576/3l-2018-2403-14
Wibowo, H. and Hamidah, N. (2023). Linguistic interplay on social media: unraveling indonesian-english code mixing on twitter. Tamaddun, 22(2), 193-212. https://doi.org/10.33096/tamaddun.v22i2.547
Wirhayati, W. and Safitri, H. (2020). Code-mixing and code-switching in teaching listening skills to intermediate 3 students at lbpp lia bekasi. Lexeme : Journal of Linguistics and Applied Linguistics, 2(2), 113. https://doi.org/10.32493/ljlal.v2i2.9512
Werner, V. (2023). English and german pop song lyrics: towards a contrastive textology. Journal for Language Technology and Computational Linguistics, 36(1), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.21248/jlcl.36.2023.235
Ohia, D. (2023). Linguistic features of code-mixing and code-switching: the case of educated ogba bilinguals. European Journal of Theoretical and Applied Sciences, 1(3), 392-399. https://doi.org/10.59324/ejtas.2023.1(3).40
Oliva, J. and Colombo, A. (2023). Perceived intense emotions and their influence on cultural identification processes: a mixed-method study of a classical music festival. Empirical Studies of the Arts, 42(1), 65-85. https://doi.org/10.1177/02762374231176192
Ozaki, Y., Kloots, M. d. H., Ravignani, A., & Savage, P. E. (2023). Cultural evolution of music and language.. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/s7apx
Zhi, L. and Zhao, Y. (2022). Localization and mainstream emergence of hip-hop music in china: a critical transculturalism perspective. Media, Culture &Amp; Society, 44(3), 407-427. https://doi.org/10.1177/01634437221077160
Published
2025-04-01
Issue
Section
Articles
License
Copyright (c) 2025 UiTM Press
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
UiTM Press (the Publisher) has agreed to publish the undersigned author’s paper in Idealogy Journal. The agreement is contingent upon the fulfilment of a number of requirements listed below.
1. The undersigned author warrants that the paper entitled below is original, that it is not in any way libellous or unlawful in Malaysia, that it does not infringe any copyright or other proprietary right. The undersigned hereby represents and warrants that he/she is the author of the paper, except for material that is clearly identified as to its original source, with permission notices from the copyright owners where required. The undersigned represents that he/she has the power and authority to sign and execute this agreement.
2. The undersigned author warrants that the paper entitled below has not been published elsewhere, and also it will not be submitted anywhere else for publication prior to acceptance/rejection by this Journal.
3. By submitting the paper entitled below, the undersigned author agrees to transfer the rights to publish and distribute the paper in an international e-journal (entitled above) to Publisher.
4. The undersigned author agrees to make a reasonable effort to conform to Publisher's submission guidelines and to liaise with the editor to ensure that the requirements of these guidelines are met to a reasonable degree.
5. The corresponding author signs for and accepts responsibility for releasing this material on behalf of any and all coauthors. This agreement is to be signed by at least one of the authors who has obtained the assent of the co-author(s) where applicable. After submission of this agreement signed by the corresponding author, changes of authorship or in the order of the authors listed will not be accepted.
