Tujuan dan Fungsi dalam Konteks Kesusasteraan Rakyat dan Cerita Jenaka Melayu
Purpose and Function in The Context of Folk Literature and Malay Joke Stories
Abstract
Sastera rakyat pada mulanya wujud dikalangan rakyat. Secara umumnya merujuk kepada kepada kesusasteraan rakyat daripada masa dahulu, yang telah menjadi warisan kepada sesuatu masyarakat. Sastera rakyat adalah sebahagian daripada kehidupan budaya bagi masyarakat lama. Misalnya dalam masyarakat Melayu lama cerita rakyat merupakan satu bentuk hiburan yang penting untuk orang kampung. Cerita jenaka rakyat pula merupakan satu bentuk cerita yang popular dalam kalangan rakyat, yang menjadi hiburan penting di dalam masyarakat berkenaan. Dalam masyarakat Melayu, juga terdapat pelbagai jenis cerita rakyat yang lain seperti cerita binatang, cerita jenaka, cerita penglipur lara dan cerita pengalaman. Cerita jenaka rakyat juga sebagai ekspresi budaya suatu masyarakat melalui pertuturan yang berhubung langsung dengan berbagai-bagai aspek budaya, seperti agama dan kepercayaan, undang-undang, kegiatan ekonomi, sistem kekeluargaan, dan susunan nilai sosial masyarakat tersebut. Kajian ini memfokuskan kepada tinjauan pada dua aspek utama iaitu tujuan dan fungsi seperti definisi, makna dan ciri-ciri umum. Tinjauan ini memberikan pemahaman dan strukturnya, selain dokumentasi bertulis yang penting terhadap sejarah dan kesusasteraan melayu khususnya di Malaysia.
Kata Kunci: Kesusasteraan rakyat, Cerita jenaka melayu
Folk literature initially existed among the people. In general, it refers to folk literature from the past, which has become the heritage of a society. Folk literature is part of the cultural life of ancient societies. For example, in the old Malay society, folklore is an important form of entertainment for the villagers. People's jokes are a form of stories that are popular among the people, which become an important entertainment in the society. In the Malay community, there are also various other types of folk stories such as animal stories, funny stories, comforting stories and stories of experiences. Malay joke stories are also an expression of a society's culture through speech that is directly related to various aspects of culture, such as religion and belief, law, economic activities, family systems, and the order of social values of the society. This research is attentions on two main aspects which are purpose and function such as definition, meaning and general characteristics. This research provides an understanding and structure, in addition to important documentation of Malay history and literature, especially in Malaysia.
Keywords: Folk Literature, Malay Joke Stories
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